1 Samuel 23:28

Authorized King James Version

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Wherefore Saul returned from pursuing after David, and went against the Philistines: therefore they called that place Selahammahlekoth.

Original Language Analysis

וַיָּ֣שָׁב returned H7725
וַיָּ֣שָׁב returned
Strong's: H7725
Word #: 1 of 15
to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);
שָׁא֗וּל Wherefore Saul H7586
שָׁא֗וּל Wherefore Saul
Strong's: H7586
Word #: 2 of 15
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
מִרְדֹף֙ from pursuing H7291
מִרְדֹף֙ from pursuing
Strong's: H7291
Word #: 3 of 15
to run after (usually with hostile intent; figuratively [of time] gone by)
אַֽחֲרֵ֣י after H310
אַֽחֲרֵ֣י after
Strong's: H310
Word #: 4 of 15
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
דָוִ֔ד David H1732
דָוִ֔ד David
Strong's: H1732
Word #: 5 of 15
david, the youngest son of jesse
וַיֵּ֖לֶךְ H1980
וַיֵּ֖לֶךְ
Strong's: H1980
Word #: 6 of 15
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
לִקְרַ֣את against H7125
לִקְרַ֣את against
Strong's: H7125
Word #: 7 of 15
an encountering, accidental, friendly or hostile (also adverbially, opposite)
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים the Philistines H6430
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים the Philistines
Strong's: H6430
Word #: 8 of 15
a pelishtite or inhabitant of pelesheth
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 9 of 15
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
כֵּ֗ן H3651
כֵּ֗ן
Strong's: H3651
Word #: 10 of 15
properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner
קָֽרְאוּ֙ therefore they called H7121
קָֽרְאוּ֙ therefore they called
Strong's: H7121
Word #: 11 of 15
to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
לַמָּק֣וֹם that place H4725
לַמָּק֣וֹם that place
Strong's: H4725
Word #: 12 of 15
properly, a standing, i.e., a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific); also (figuratively) of a condition (of body or mind)
הַה֔וּא H1931
הַה֔וּא
Strong's: H1931
Word #: 13 of 15
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
סֶ֖לַע H0
סֶ֖לַע
Strong's: H0
Word #: 14 of 15
הַֽמַּחְלְקֽוֹת׃ Selahammahlekoth H5555
הַֽמַּחְלְקֽוֹת׃ Selahammahlekoth
Strong's: H5555
Word #: 15 of 15
sela-ham-machlekoth, a place in palestine

Analysis & Commentary

Wherefore Saul returned from pursuing after David, and went against the Philistines: therefore they called that place Selahammahlekoth.

Saul's forced withdrawal provides David's escape. The Hebrew place name 'Sela-hammachelekoth' means 'rock of divisions/escapes' (or 'rock of parting/slipping away'), commemorating this dramatic deliverance. The naming of locations after significant events was common in Israel's history, creating geographical markers of divine faithfulness. Saul 'returned' (shub) from pursuing David—the same verb used for repentance—yet this was merely tactical retreat, not heart change. His grudging response to national duty over personal obsession preserved David while revealing Saul's disordered priorities. The rock of escapes became a memorial to God's deliverance.

Historical Context

Naming places after significant events created lasting memorials in Israel's landscape. This rock remained known by this name, reminding later generations of David's narrow escape and God's providential timing through the Philistine invasion.

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